Trying to conceive and not succeeding can be one of the most stressful experiences a couple faces. Every month brings hope, and every negative result can bring worry, self-doubt, and pressure from family and friends. If this sounds familiar, please know that you are not alone, and that in many cases the cause can be found and treated.
The first step toward answers is a proper diagnosis. Diagnostic imaging, especially ultrasound, plays a central role in this. At Alfa Imaging and Diagnostics in Jalandhar, we help couples take that first step with clear, accurate, and respectful scans. This guide explains what infertility is, which scans are used, and how to prepare.
What Is Infertility?
Infertility is generally defined as not being able to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. For women over 35, doctors usually advise getting checked after six months. According to the World Health Organization, infertility affects a significant share of couples worldwide, and it is a medical condition, not a personal failing.
It is also not only a women’s issue. Causes are spread between the two partners:
- Female factors: roughly one-third of cases
- Male factors: roughly one-third of cases
- Combined or unexplained factors: the remainder
This is why both partners should be evaluated, and why imaging is useful for each.
Common Causes That Imaging Can Reveal
Many causes of infertility have a physical component that a scan can detect.
In women:
- PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome): ovaries with many small follicles and irregular ovulation
- Fibroids: non-cancerous growths in the uterus that may block the cavity or tubes
- Endometrial polyps: small growths in the uterine lining
- Blocked fallopian tubes: a common reason eggs and sperm cannot meet
- Hydrosalpinx: fluid-filled, damaged tubes
- Endometriosis-related cysts: known as chocolate cysts on the ovary
- Uterine abnormalities: such as a septum or an unusual uterine shape
- Low ovarian reserve: a reduced number of eggs
In men:
- Varicocele: enlarged veins in the scrotum that can affect sperm quality
- Testicular abnormalities: such as small testes, cysts, or masses
- Blockages in the reproductive tract
Scans and Tests Used in an Infertility Work-Up
1. Pelvic and Transvaginal Ultrasound
This is usually the first scan. A transvaginal ultrasound gives a close, clear view of the uterus and ovaries. It checks the size and shape of the uterus, the thickness of the uterine lining, and the ovaries. It can detect fibroids, polyps, cysts, and signs of PCOS. The scan is typically quick and well tolerated.
2. Follicular Study (Ovulation Tracking)
A follicular study involves a series of ultrasounds across your cycle to watch how the egg-containing follicles grow, and to confirm that ovulation actually happens. It also tracks the endometrial lining. Doctors use it to time intercourse or procedures such as IUI. It is one of the most useful tests for women with irregular cycles.
3. Antral Follicle Count
During an early-cycle scan, the small follicles in each ovary are counted. This helps estimate ovarian reserve, which guides doctors on how the ovaries may respond to treatment. It is commonly interpreted alongside blood tests such as AMH.
4. HSG (Hysterosalpingography)
HSG is an X-ray procedure in which a contrast dye is passed through the uterus and tubes. It shows whether the fallopian tubes are open and whether the uterine cavity has a normal shape. It is usually done in the first half of the cycle, after your period ends and before ovulation. Some cramping is normal, and your doctor will advise you on comfort measures.
5. Saline Sonohysterography (SIS)
In this ultrasound test, a small amount of sterile saline is placed in the uterus to outline the cavity more clearly. It is helpful for spotting polyps and fibroids inside the uterus.
6. Scrotal Ultrasound with Doppler (for Men)
If a semen analysis shows abnormalities, a scrotal ultrasound can look for a varicocele, cysts, or other structural problems. Doppler assesses blood flow. It is non-invasive and painless.
Readable Analysis: Which Scan Answers Which Question?
| Your Question | Most Useful Test | What It Shows |
|---|---|---|
| Am I ovulating? | Follicular study | Follicle growth, ovulation, lining |
| Is my uterus normal? | Pelvic or transvaginal ultrasound | Fibroids, polyps, shape |
| Are my tubes open? | HSG | Tubal patency, cavity shape |
| What is my egg reserve? | Antral follicle count | Number of small follicles |
| Is there something inside the uterus? | Saline sonohysterography | Polyps, intracavity fibroids |
| Could the male partner be a factor? | Scrotal Doppler ultrasound | Varicocele, structural issues |
Our analysis: No single test explains every case. Most couples need a combination, chosen by their gynaecologist or fertility specialist according to age, cycle pattern, and history. Starting with a simple pelvic ultrasound and semen analysis often points the way, and further tests are added only if needed. This keeps the process efficient and avoids unnecessary procedures.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Consider seeking advice if:
- You have been trying for 12 months without success (or 6 months if you are over 35)
- Your periods are irregular, very painful, or absent
- You have a known history of PCOS, endometriosis, or fibroids
- You have had pelvic infections or abdominal surgery
- Your partner has a known sperm problem or a history of testicular issues
You can also read about related care in our guide to scans during pregnancy once you conceive.
How to Prepare for Your Scan
Preparation helps you get accurate results.
- Carry your doctor’s referral and any previous reports.
- Note your cycle day, since timing matters for many scans, especially follicular studies and HSG.
- Follow bladder instructions. Some pelvic scans need a full bladder, while transvaginal scans are usually done with an empty one. Our staff will guide you.
- Wear comfortable clothing that is easy to change out of.
- Tell the technician about allergies, particularly to iodine, before an HSG.
- Bring your partner if you can, as emotional support makes a real difference.
What to Expect at the Scanning Centre
A good scanning experience should feel calm and private. At Alfa Imaging and Diagnostics, you can expect:
- Respectful, private scanning rooms
- Clear explanation of each step before it begins
- Experienced sonologists who interpret findings carefully
- Timely, easy-to-read reports you can take to your doctor
- Support for couples who may be anxious about the process
Our role is to provide accurate imaging. Diagnosis and treatment decisions should always be made together with your gynaecologist or fertility specialist.
Supporting Your Fertility Through Lifestyle
Scans find physical causes, but daily habits also affect fertility. Simple steps can help:
- Maintain a healthy weight, as both underweight and overweight can disrupt ovulation
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
- Exercise regularly, but avoid extreme routines
- Quit smoking and limit alcohol, which affect both egg and sperm quality
- Manage stress through sleep, walking, or relaxation practices
- Take folic acid if advised by your doctor
For trusted general information, the NHS infertility guide is a clear patient-friendly resource.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a fertility scan painful?
Most ultrasounds cause little or no pain. An HSG may cause cramping for a short time.
How many scans will I need?
It varies. A follicular study usually involves several scans across one cycle, while other tests are done once.
Can a scan confirm that I can get pregnant?
A scan identifies physical factors, but it cannot guarantee pregnancy. It helps your doctor understand what may be getting in the way.
Are these tests safe?
When performed by trained professionals, ultrasound is considered very safe. HSG uses a small dose of radiation, so it is avoided if pregnancy is possible.
Does the male partner need testing too?
Yes. Semen analysis is the first test, and imaging may be added if needed.
Does a normal scan mean there is no problem?
Not always. Some causes are hormonal or unexplained and need other tests.
Final Thoughts
Infertility can feel overwhelming, but you do not have to face it alone or in the dark. Understanding the cause is the first step toward the right treatment, and imaging gives your doctor reliable information to plan your care. Many couples who receive a clear diagnosis go on to conceive with appropriate treatment.
If you are in Jalandhar and are ready to take the first step, we would be glad to support you.
Book Your Scan at Alfa Imaging and Diagnostics
Centre: Alfa Imaging and Diagnostics
Address: [421 Adarsh Nagar, Adjoining PNB Bank,
Kapurthala Chowk, Jalandhar]
Phone: [6280279272]
Website: alfaimaginganddiagnostics.com
Serving: Jalandhar and nearby areas
Call us or visit our website to book your appointment.
